我总是喜欢在相机里渲染DOF。我不知道为什么。也许我是一个纯粹的人，只是喜欢把事情做好。但也许不是。我喜欢v - ray给我的bokeh和控制我设置它的参数。尽管对v - ray的DOF有这样的爱，但它仍然有一些缓慢和笨拙的调整。因此，当我找到一个节省时间的解决方案来测试和实现DOF的相机时，你可以想象我的快乐。让我给你介绍一下……
I always prefer rendering DOF in the camera. I don't know why. Maybe I'm a purest and just prefer to get things right up front. But maybe not. I love the bokeh that V-Ray gives me and the control I get over setting its parameters. Despite this love for V-Ray's DOF, it has still always been a bit slow and clunky to adjust. You can imagine therefore my delight when I found a time-saving solution to testing and implementing DOF in-camera. Let me introduce you to it...
What even is DOF?
Good question. It is essentially the distance in front of and behind a specific point which is sharp in the output. We'll call that point the focus point. The size of the area that is sharp as well as the amount of blurriness is dependent on a variety of settings in the camera, which we'll look at in more detail in a minute.
DOF是什么?
好问题。它本质上是在一个特定点的前面和后面的距离，在输出中是锐利的。我们把这个点称为焦点。这个区域的大小和模糊度的大小取决于相机的各种设置，我们稍后会详细讨论。
A brief word on DOF
Think about it! Don't overuse it or use it incorrectly. This is partly why I find it best to do it in-camera because then the result is correct. Using DOF is a beautiful artistic tool that enables us to bring in an emotive aspect to our visuals. It also helps us to keep the viewer's focus on those areas that we want. There is therefore great power and opportunity with it. Your best bet would be to get out in the real world with a camera and experiment. Get used to how the settings affect the output and grow in confidence that way.
关于DOF的简要说明
想想吧！ 不要过度使用或不正确使用。 这部分是为什么最好在相机中进行操作，因为结果是正确的。 使用DOF是一个美丽的艺术工具，使我们能够在我们的视觉效果上带来一个感性的方面。 它也有助于我们保持观众关注我们想要的那些领域。 因此，它有很大的权力和机会。你最好的办法是用相机和实验在现实世界中走出来。熟悉设置如何影响输出，并以这种方式增强信心。
Controlling the DOF
As previously mentioned, you can control the DOF with several settings. The 2 main controls we will focus on here are the focal length and the aperture size. In principle, the longer the focal length, the shallower the DOF will be. Obviously a wide angle lens is going to have a wider DOF. In terms of the aperture (f-number or f-stop); basically the smaller it is, the shallower the DOF will be. If you want to make sure that everything is in focus then go for a higher aperture. Please note that these will only affect the DOF if it is switched on in the V-Ray camera.
控制DOF
如前所述，您可以使用几个设置来控制DOF。我们要关注的两个主要控制是焦距和孔径大小。原则上，焦距越长，就越浅。显然广角镜头会有更大的DOF。根据光圈(f - number或f - stop);基本上它越小，DOF就越浅。如果你想确保一切都集中在焦点上，那就去找一个更高的光圈。请注意，这些只会影响在v - ray相机中切换的DOF。
Setting up DOF in V-Ray: Part 1
Firstly go into your V-Ray Physical Camera and to the Sampling rollout. Tick the ?depth-of-field' tick box and increase the number of subdivisions for a cleaner, less noisy result. I usually use 8 subdivisions for test renders and then I might raise it to 32 subdivisions for production quality renders. This is a time versus quality thing.
在v - ray中设置DOF:第1部分
首先进入您的V-Ray物理相机和“采样”卷展栏。 勾选“场景深度”勾选框，并增加细分数，以获得更干净，噪音更小的结果。 我通常使用8个分区进行测试渲染，然后我可以将其提升到32个细分为生产质量渲染。 这是一个时间与质量的事情。
Setting up DOF in V-Ray: Part 2
Once DOF is activated in the camera, you then need to adjust your settings to tweak the result. I adjust the focal length, f-number and focus distance to get the result I need. The focal length adjusts how wide the viewing angle is. The f-number adjusts the distance that is in focus. And finally, the focus distance adjusts the centre point that is most in focus. I would recommend playing around with these on a simple scene so that you get used to how they affect each other.
在v - ray中设置DOF:第2部分
一旦DOF被激活，你需要调整你的设置来调整结果。我调整焦距、f数和焦距，以得到我需要的结果。焦距调整角度的宽度。f数调整了焦距的距离。最后，焦点距离调整中心点最集中。我建议你在一个简单的场景中玩这些游戏，这样你就会习惯它们是如何互相影响的。
Use the V-Ray Stereoscopic helper
Start by going to the ?Create' menu and the ?Helpers' section. Pick ?VRay' from the dropdown. Then create a ?VRay Stereoscopic' object anywhere in the viewport ? it doesn't matter where. Set the eye distance to 0 because we're not using this helper to create a 3D stereoscopic image where the eyes are separated. Then set the Shademap mode to ?Render shade map' and specify a file for the result to be outputted to. This will ensure that when render is next executed, the shade map will be rendered.
使用V-Ray立体辅助器
开始于“创建”菜单和“助手”部分。 从下拉列表中选择“VRay”。 然后在视口中的任何地方创建？VRay Stereoscopic？ 在哪里无关紧要 将眼睛距离设置为0，因为我们没有使用这个帮手来创建一个三维立体图像，眼睛被分开。 然后将Shademap模式设置为“Render shade map”，并指定要输出的结果的文件。 这将确保在下一次执行渲染时，将渲染阴影贴图。
Render the shade map
Now that your stereoscopic helper is set up, double-check your camera DOF settings are as desired and then hit render. Please note that because you are rendering the shade map, there will be no DOF in the resulting image. Don't worry about this. Just think of this step as a pre-calculation step.
渲染阴影映射
现在你的立体助手已经设置好了，双击你的相机DOF设置就可以了，然后点击渲染。请注意，由于您正在呈现色度映射，因此在生成的图像中将没有DOF。别担心这个。只要把这个步骤看成是预先计算的步骤。
Switch to using the shade map
With the shade map rendered, select the stereoscopic object and set the ?Shademap mode' to ?Use shademap'. Make sure that the file is the same as the one you've just pre-calculated. With that completed, go back to your camera and hit render again. This will render your final image with the DOF but it'll do it in a much quicker time than ordinarily.
切换到使用阴影地图
使用阴影映射呈现，选择立体对象并设置?Shademap模式”?使用shademap”。确保该文件与刚才计算的文件相同。完成后，回到相机，再次点击渲染。这将渲染你最后的图像和DOF，但是它会比一般的快很多。
Switch to using the shade map
With the shade map rendered, select the stereoscopic object and set the ?Shademap mode' to ?Use shademap'. Make sure that the file is the same as the one you've just pre-calculated. With that completed, go back to your camera and hit render again. This will render your final image with the DOF but it'll do it in a much quicker time than ordinarily.
切换到使用阴影地图
使用阴影映射呈现，选择立体对象并设置?Shademap模式”?使用shademap”。确保该文件与刚才计算的文件相同。完成后，回到相机，再次点击渲染。这将渲染你最后的图像和DOF，但是它会比一般的快很多。
Disadvantages vs advantages
The obvious disadvantage to this technique is the inherent approximation that is included. If you want a perfect, physically accurate result, then you will need to render it straight out of the camera. However, you have the obvious advantage of speed with the shade map technique. You can make adjustments to your lighting for example, and re-render again and again using the shade map. This is a massive time saver, especially during the test render phase.
缺点和优点
这种技术明显的缺点是包含了固有的近似。如果你想要一个完美的，身体准确的结果，那么你需要把它直接渲染出来。但是，您有明显的优势与树荫地图技术的速度。例如，你可以对你的照明进行调整，并再次渲染，使用阴影贴图。这是一个巨大的节省时间，特别是在测试呈现阶段。
Top tip 1: Guide the eye with DOF
One of the best uses for DOF other than for artistic flair is that it is a great tool to guide the viewer's eye to the exact part of the image that you want them to focus on first.
提示：引导眼睛与自由度
除了艺术天赋之外，DOF的最佳用途之一，它是一个伟大的工具，引导观众的眼睛的图像的确切部分，你希望他们把重点放在第一。
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